Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
1909 - Constitutional Developments - Morley-Minto Reforms
Which event came first?
A. Simla Deputation
B. Morley–Minto Reforms
C. Lucknow Pact
D. Montagu Declaration
Correct Answer: A
The Simla Deputation occurred in 1906, before the 1909 reforms, 1916 Lucknow Pact and 1917 Montagu Declaration.
Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
1909 - Constitutional Developments - Morley-Minto Reforms
Which one is the best one-line definition of Morley–Minto Reforms?
A. Limited council expansion plus separate Muslim electorates under continued British control
B. Complete independence and adult democracy
C. Provincial autonomy with elected cabinets
D. Federal partition of India
Correct Answer: A
This summary captures their representative advance, communal provision and colonial limitations.
Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
1909 - Constitutional Developments - Morley-Minto Reforms
Which development most clearly limited democratic legitimacy?
A. Restricted franchise
B. More council members
C. Questions in council
D. An Indian Law Member
Correct Answer: A
Only a tiny elite could vote, so councils did not represent the wider population.
Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
1909 - Constitutional Developments - Morley-Minto Reforms
Which development most clearly broadened legislative scrutiny?
A. Supplementary questions and public-interest resolutions
B. The executive veto
C. The narrow franchise
D. Official nomination
Correct Answer: A
The new procedures gave representatives additional tools to question and criticize administration.
Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
1909 - Constitutional Developments - Morley-Minto Reforms
Which development most clearly showed preservation of British control?
A. Official majority at the centre
B. Separate Muslim electorates
C. Larger provincial councils
D. Indian appointment as Law Member
Correct Answer: A
The official central majority enabled the executive to block unwanted measures.
Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
1909 - Constitutional Developments - Morley-Minto Reforms
Which development most clearly showed symbolic Indianization of the executive?
A. Appointment of S.P. Sinha as Law Member
B. Surat Split
C. Partition of Bengal
D. Formation of the Muslim League
Correct Answer: A
Sinha's appointment placed an Indian in the Viceroy's Executive Council for the first time.
Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
1909 - Constitutional Developments - Morley-Minto Reforms
What was the principal constitutional gain for Muslim leaders?
A. Guaranteed distinct representation through Muslim electorates
B. Immediate sovereign statehood
C. Control of the central executive
D. Universal Muslim voting rights
Correct Answer: A
The reforms created protected Muslim seats elected by Muslim voters, but did not grant sovereignty or adult franchise.
Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
1909 - Constitutional Developments - Morley-Minto Reforms
What was the main political consequence of separate electorates?
A. Communal identity became an institutional basis of representation
B. All communal identities disappeared
C. Every seat became a joint seat
D. The Muslim League was dissolved
Correct Answer: A
The electoral system formally organized representation around religious community.
Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
1909 - Constitutional Developments - Morley-Minto Reforms
Why did a non-official majority not guarantee provincial self-government?
A. Non-officials included nominees and governors retained overriding powers
B. All governors were elected
C. The provinces controlled Britain
D. There was universal franchise
Correct Answer: A
Composition alone did not transfer executive responsibility or sovereignty.
Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
1909 - Constitutional Developments - Morley-Minto Reforms
Why is an official majority at the centre constitutionally important?
A. It ensured the government could normally command votes
B. It created adult democracy
C. It made the Viceroy removable
D. It ended nomination
Correct Answer: A
The official bloc protected the colonial administration from legislative defeat.
Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
1909 - Constitutional Developments - Morley-Minto Reforms
Which combination lists matters still controlled by the executive?
A. Foreign affairs, relations with princely states and final financial authority
B. All municipal questions only
C. University examinations only
D. Local road maintenance only
Correct Answer: A
High policy and decisive executive and financial powers remained outside representative control.
Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
1909 - Constitutional Developments - Morley-Minto Reforms
Which combination lists powers gained by council members?
A. Budget discussion, public-interest resolutions and supplementary questions
B. No-confidence votes, ministerial appointment and treaty ratification
C. Adult franchise and judicial review
D. Provincial secession and military control
Correct Answer: A
The reforms expanded deliberative powers but did not create parliamentary government.
Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
1909 - Constitutional Developments - Morley-Minto Reforms
Which statement best describes provincial majorities?
A. Non-official but partly nominated
B. Entirely elected and sovereign
C. Entirely official
D. Entirely Muslim
Correct Answer: A
The government could use nominated non-officials and veto powers despite the formal non-official majority.
Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
1909 - Constitutional Developments - Morley-Minto Reforms
Which statement best describes the electorate?
A. Small, qualified and largely indirect
B. Universal, direct and equal
C. Open only to all women
D. Based solely on military service
Correct Answer: A
Voting rights depended on restrictive property, tax, status and institutional qualifications.
Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
1909 - Constitutional Developments - Morley-Minto Reforms
Which statement is incorrect?
A. The reforms introduced universal adult franchise
B. The councils were enlarged
C. Muslims received separate electorates
D. Supplementary questions were permitted under rules
Correct Answer: A
Universal adult franchise was not introduced; the electorate remained tiny and restricted.
Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
1909 - Constitutional Developments - Morley-Minto Reforms
Which statement is correct?
A. The centre kept an official majority while provinces generally had non-official majorities
B. Both centre and provinces had elected majorities
C. All official members were removed
D. The centre became responsible to voters
Correct Answer: A
This contrast in council composition is a defining provision of the scheme.
Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
1909 - Constitutional Developments - Morley-Minto Reforms
Compared with the Government of India Act 1935, the 1909 reforms lacked:
A. Provincial autonomy
B. Communal electorates
C. Nominated members
D. Legislative councils
Correct Answer: A
The 1935 Act permitted elected provincial ministries operating under provincial autonomy.
Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
1909 - Constitutional Developments - Morley-Minto Reforms
Compared with the 1919 reforms, the 1909 reforms lacked:
A. Dyarchy and bicameralism
B. Legislative councils
C. Indian members
D. Budget discussion
Correct Answer: A
Dyarchy in provinces and a bicameral central legislature were introduced in 1919.
Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
1909 - Constitutional Developments - Morley-Minto Reforms
Which feature was new or greatly strengthened in 1909 compared with 1892?
A. Separate Muslim electorates and supplementary questions
B. Complete independence
C. Adult franchise
D. Provincial dyarchy
Correct Answer: A
The reforms added communal representation and wider deliberative procedures.
Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
1909 - Constitutional Developments - Morley-Minto Reforms
Which feature was common to the 1892 and 1909 council systems?
A. Restricted representation rather than universal franchise
B. Separate Muslim electorates from the beginning
C. Provincial autonomy
D. Responsible ministries
Correct Answer: A
Both systems limited participation to selected institutions and qualified groups rather than the entire adult population.