CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre 1919
Why is the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre considered a turning point in modern South Asian history?
A. It restored Company rule
B. It shattered trust in colonial rule and strengthened mass nationalism
C. It ended all political activity
D. It immediately partitioned India
Correct Answer: B
The massacre permanently damaged Indo-British relations and accelerated mass opposition to colonial rule.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre 1919
Which law established the national memorial at Jallianwala Bagh?
A. Jallianwala Bagh National Memorial Act, 1951
B. Indian Independence Act, 1947
C. Rowlatt Act, 1919
D. Government of India Act, 1935
Correct Answer: A
The 1951 Act provided for the erection and management of the national memorial.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre 1919
Where was Michael O'Dwyer assassinated?
A. Jallianwala Bagh, Amritsar
B. Red Fort, Delhi
C. Minar-e-Pakistan, Lahore
D. Caxton Hall, London
Correct Answer: D
Udham Singh shot O'Dwyer at Caxton Hall in London.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre 1919
Who assassinated Michael O'Dwyer in London in 1940?
A. Bhagat Singh
B. Lala Lajpat Rai
C. Udham Singh
D. Subhas Chandra Bose
Correct Answer: C
Udham Singh killed Michael O'Dwyer at Caxton Hall on 13 March 1940.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre 1919
Which major movement launched in 1920 was encouraged by anger over Punjab and other grievances?
A. Swadeshi Movement of 1905 only
B. Non-Cooperation Movement
C. Quit India Movement of 1942
D. Civil Disobedience Movement of 1930
Correct Answer: B
The Punjab atrocities, together with other grievances, helped create the climate for the Non-Cooperation Movement.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre 1919
The massacre was an important prelude to Gandhi's full commitment to:
A. Indian nationalism and independence
B. Permanent British colonial rule
C. The restoration of East India Company power
D. Ending mass politics
Correct Answer: A
It profoundly damaged faith in British justice and strengthened Gandhi's commitment to independence.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre 1919
Former British Prime Minister H. H. Asquith called the massacre:
A. A successful constitutional settlement
B. A minor local dispute
C. A peaceful administrative reform
D. One of the worst outrages in British history
Correct Answer: D
Asquith condemned it as one of the worst outrages in British history.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre 1919
Which British statesman described the massacre as a 'monstrous event'?
A. Clement Attlee
B. Ramsay MacDonald
C. Winston Churchill
D. Tony Blair
Correct Answer: C
Churchill strongly condemned the massacre during parliamentary debate.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre 1919
Who renounced his British knighthood in protest against the massacre?
A. Muhammad Iqbal
B. Rabindranath Tagore
C. Sir Syed Ahmad Khan
D. Aga Khan III
Correct Answer: B
Rabindranath Tagore returned his knighthood as a public act of protest.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre 1919
Which statement best describes official accountability after the massacre?
A. Dyer was censured but not criminally prosecuted
B. Every responsible official received a death sentence
C. No inquiry was ever held
D. Dyer was awarded Indian independence
Correct Answer: A
The inquiry condemned Dyer and ended his career, but no criminal prosecution followed.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre 1919
What career consequence did Dyer face after the inquiry?
A. He became Viceroy of India
B. He was elected Congress president
C. He became Prime Minister of Britain
D. He was required to leave his command and retire
Correct Answer: D
Dyer was removed from command and effectively forced into retirement.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre 1919
How did the Hunter Commission characterize Dyer's prolonged firing?
A. A constitutional reform
B. A minor clerical mistake only
C. A grave error
D. A humanitarian rescue
Correct Answer: C
The official report condemned the continuation of fire as a grave error.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre 1919
What did the Hunter inquiry find regarding an alleged conspiracy to overthrow British rule in Punjab?
A. It proved a foreign invasion
B. There was insufficient evidence for such a conspiracy
C. It identified a Mughal army
D. It confirmed a naval attack
Correct Answer: B
The inquiry found no evidence supporting the broad conspiracy theory used to justify extreme action.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre 1919
What did the Hunter inquiry conclude about warning the crowd?
A. No adequate notice to disperse was given
B. Repeated warnings were given for several days
C. The crowd requested the firing
D. A referendum approved the action
Correct Answer: A
The commission criticized Dyer for failing to give the crowd a proper warning.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre 1919
Which officer personally testified before the Hunter Commission?
A. Rabindranath Tagore
B. Allama Iqbal
C. Aga Khan III
D. Reginald Dyer
Correct Answer: D
Dyer appeared before the committee and explained his decisions.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre 1919
The Hunter Commission report and evidence were published mainly in:
A. 1857
B. 1905
C. 1920
D. 1946
Correct Answer: C
The official Hunter material was published in 1920.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre 1919
When was the Hunter Commission appointed?
A. April 1906
B. October 1919
C. August 1947
D. December 1930
Correct Answer: B
The inquiry was established in October 1919, several months after the massacre.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre 1919
Who chaired the Hunter Commission?
A. Lord William Hunter
B. Lord Mountbatten
C. Sir Cyril Radcliffe
D. Stafford Cripps
Correct Answer: A
Lord Hunter chaired the inquiry into the Punjab disturbances.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre 1919
The Disorders Inquiry Committee is better known as the:
A. Nehru Committee
B. Cripps Mission
C. Butler Committee
D. Hunter Commission
Correct Answer: D
It took its popular name from its chairman, Lord Hunter.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Jallianwala Bagh Massacre 1919
What was the official name of the body appointed to investigate the Punjab disturbances?
A. Simon Commission
B. Boundary Commission
C. Disorders Inquiry Committee
D. Cabinet Mission
Correct Answer: C
The committee was formally the Disorders Inquiry Committee and became known as the Hunter Commission.