CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
The First Law of Geography is closely related to the concept of:
A. Time zones
B. Spatial autocorrelation
C. Plate tectonics
D. Map generalization
Correct Answer: B
Spatial autocorrelation describes the tendency for nearby observations to have related values.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
Waldo Tobler is famous for the 'First Law of Geography,' which states in essence:
A. Latitude determines culture
B. Maps are always inaccurate
C. Near things are generally more related than distant things
D. Everything is unrelated
Correct Answer: C
Tobler's First Law highlights spatial autocorrelation: nearby phenomena often resemble or influence each other more strongly.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
August Lösch is associated with:
A. Geomorphology
B. Climatology
C. Environmental determinism
D. Location theory and market areas
Correct Answer: D
Lösch developed economic location theory emphasizing market areas and spatial economic organization.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
Alfred Weber is known for theory concerning:
A. Industrial location
B. Climate classification
C. Map projection
D. Population transition
Correct Answer: A
Weber's least-cost theory analyzed industrial location in relation to transport, labor, and agglomeration.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
Johann Heinrich von Thünen is associated with a model of:
A. River drainage
B. Agricultural land use around a market
C. Urban concentric zones
D. Global climate
Correct Answer: B
Von Thünen modeled rings of agricultural activity based on transport cost and land rent.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
Central Place Theory primarily explains:
A. Map projection distortion
B. Climate zones
C. Settlement hierarchy and service distribution
D. Earth's rotation
Correct Answer: C
It models how settlements are spaced and ranked based on market areas and service thresholds.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
Walter Christaller is known for:
A. Plate tectonics
B. Possibilism
C. Environmental determinism
D. Central Place Theory
Correct Answer: D
Christaller developed a model explaining the size, spacing, and hierarchy of settlements providing goods and services.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
Torsten Hägerstrand is especially associated with:
A. Time geography and diffusion studies
B. Environmental determinism
C. Geomorphology
D. Political ecology only
Correct Answer: A
Hägerstrand developed space-time constraint concepts and influential models of innovation diffusion.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
Critical geography broadly seeks to:
A. Reject all theory
B. Examine power relations and challenge social and spatial inequalities
C. Avoid social questions
D. Study only rocks
Correct Answer: B
Critical approaches analyze how power, institutions, and inequality produce spatial outcomes.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
Postmodern geography generally questions:
A. The use of coordinates
B. The reality of distance
C. Single universal explanations and fixed meanings of space and place
D. The existence of all maps
Correct Answer: C
Postmodern approaches emphasize plurality, representation, discourse, difference, and contested meanings.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
Feminist geography critiques geographic knowledge for historically:
A. Using too many contours
B. Studying cities
C. Using latitude
D. Neglecting gendered experiences and power relations
Correct Answer: D
Feminist geography highlights how gender, power, and positionality shape spaces and knowledge.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
David Harvey is strongly associated with:
A. Marxist and radical geography
B. Environmental determinism
C. Classical cartography
D. Geodesy
Correct Answer: A
Harvey became a major figure in critical and Marxist analyses of urbanization, capitalism, and space.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
Radical geography gained prominence mainly in response to concerns about:
A. Weather instruments
B. Social inequality, power, and capitalism
C. Map symbols
D. Latitude accuracy
Correct Answer: B
Radical geography developed critiques of spatial inequality and political-economic structures.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
Edward Relph is known for work on:
A. Map projections
B. Ocean currents
C. Place and placelessness
D. Plate tectonics
Correct Answer: C
Relph examined authentic experience of place and the problem of placelessness.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
Yi-Fu Tuan is especially associated with:
A. Environmental determinism
B. Geodesy
C. Remote sensing
D. Humanistic geography and sense of place
Correct Answer: D
Tuan explored place, space, experience, attachment, and human meaning.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
Mental maps are especially important in:
A. Behavioral geography
B. Geodesy
C. Climatology
D. Geomorphology
Correct Answer: A
Behavioral geographers study how people's cognitive images of space influence movement and decisions.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
Behavioral geography developed partly as a reaction against:
A. The study of cities
B. Assumptions of perfectly rational spatial decision-making
C. Field observation
D. All maps
Correct Answer: B
Behavioral geography examined bounded rationality, perception, cognition, and actual decision processes.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
The Berkeley School of cultural geography is closely associated with:
A. Walter Christaller
B. Torsten Hägerstrand
C. Carl Sauer
D. Friedrich Ratzel
Correct Answer: C
Carl Sauer led the Berkeley School, influential in historical and cultural landscape studies.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
Sauer's cultural landscape idea emphasizes that:
A. Climate alone determines culture
B. Maps determine society
C. Longitude causes language
D. Culture acts on the natural landscape to create a cultural landscape
Correct Answer: D
The cultural landscape reflects human modification and cultural expression in the environment.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
Carl Sauer is strongly associated with the:
A. Cultural landscape tradition
B. Environmental determinist school
C. Quantitative revolution only
D. Time geography
Correct Answer: A
Sauer emphasized how cultural groups transform natural landscapes into cultural landscapes.