CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
An intervening opportunity can reduce interaction because:
A. It removes map symbols
B. A closer alternative may satisfy the same need
C. It always increases distance physically
D. It changes latitude
Correct Answer: B
People or goods may stop at a nearer suitable opportunity rather than continue to a more distant one.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
Transferability in spatial interaction refers to:
A. Whether map colors match
B. Whether regions have the same name
C. Whether movement is feasible in terms of cost and effort
D. Whether two places share latitude
Correct Answer: C
Even when demand and supply match, flows require transport costs or barriers to be acceptable.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
Complementarity in spatial interaction means:
A. Two places are identical
B. Distance is zero
C. No transport is needed
D. One place has a supply that matches another place's demand
Correct Answer: D
Complementarity creates a basis for exchange between places.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
The geographic concept of interaction is strongest when places have:
A. Complementarity, transferability, and limited intervening opportunities
B. No demand and no supply
C. Infinite transport cost
D. No connection
Correct Answer: A
Classical spatial-interaction reasoning emphasizes matching demand-supply, feasible movement, and absence of better alternatives.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
Spatial convergence occurs when:
A. Map scales become identical
B. Improved transport or communication reduces effective travel time between places
C. Longitude lines merge
D. Continents physically merge
Correct Answer: B
Faster connections make places effectively closer in time or cost.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
A functional distance can be measured by:
A. Elevation only
B. Map title
C. Travel time or transport cost
D. Latitude only
Correct Answer: C
Functional or relative distance expresses separation in practical terms such as time, cost, or accessibility.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
A geographic realm is generally:
A. A single coordinate
B. A map symbol
C. A contour interval
D. A broad world region with a combination of physical and human characteristics
Correct Answer: D
Geographic realms are large-scale regions used to organize world geography.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
Spatial inequality means:
A. Uneven distribution of resources, opportunities, or outcomes across places
B. Equal conditions everywhere
C. Only differences in longitude
D. Only differences in map color
Correct Answer: A
Geographers study how wealth, services, risks, and opportunities vary geographically.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
The concept of core and periphery is used to describe:
A. Only time zones
B. Unequal spatial relationships between dominant and less powerful regions
C. Only latitude zones
D. Only landforms
Correct Answer: B
Core-periphery models analyze uneven development, flows, and power between regions.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
Time-space compression refers to:
A. Latitude lines moving
B. Maps shrinking
C. The reduced effective significance of distance due to faster transport and communication
D. Earth becoming physically smaller
Correct Answer: C
Technological change can make distant places interact more quickly and frequently.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
Globalization tends to increase:
A. Complete isolation of regions
B. Only local self-sufficiency
C. The disappearance of distance physically
D. Interconnections and flows across distant places
Correct Answer: D
Globalization intensifies economic, cultural, political, and informational linkages across space.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
Scale jumping in human geography refers to:
A. Shifting action or analysis to a different geographic level
B. Changing map paper size only
C. Changing latitude
D. Moving uphill
Correct Answer: A
Actors may move issues from local to national or global arenas to gain influence or resources.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
A place becomes meaningful partly through:
A. Elevation alone
B. Human experience, identity, memory, and social relations
C. Latitude alone
D. Map projection only
Correct Answer: B
Place is not just location; it also carries meanings and attachments created through experience and culture.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
Relational space emphasizes that space is:
A. Identical to map scale
B. Only physical distance
C. Produced through relationships, processes, and interactions
D. A fixed empty container only
Correct Answer: C
Relational approaches view space as constituted by social, economic, and material relations.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
Relative space emphasizes:
A. Only latitude
B. Only elevation
C. Only political borders
D. Spatial relationships shaped by time, cost, or interaction rather than fixed distance alone
Correct Answer: D
Relative space recognizes that effective separation can change with transport, communication, or social relations.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
The term 'absolute space' generally treats space as:
A. A measurable framework independent of human perception
B. Purely personal experience
C. Only a political idea
D. Only a linguistic category
Correct Answer: A
Absolute space is conceived as objective and measurable using coordinates and distance.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
The circle of illumination separates:
A. Land and ocean
B. The daylight half of Earth from the night half
C. Northern and Southern hemispheres
D. Eastern and Western hemispheres
Correct Answer: B
It is the boundary between Earth's illuminated and dark hemispheres at any moment.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
At an equinox, the Sun is directly overhead at:
A. The Tropic of Cancer only
B. The International Date Line
C. The Equator
D. The North Pole
Correct Answer: C
The subsolar point crosses the Equator at the March and September equinoxes.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
At the December solstice, the Sun is overhead at approximately:
A. 23.5° N
B. 0°
C. 66.5° S
D. 23.5° S
Correct Answer: D
At the December solstice, the subsolar point reaches the Tropic of Capricorn.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Geography
Introduction of Geography
At the June solstice, the Sun is overhead at approximately:
A. 23.5° N
B. 23.5° S
C. 0°
D. 66.5° N
Correct Answer: A
At the June solstice, the subsolar point reaches the Tropic of Cancer.