CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Operating Systems
What is the main security purpose of regular operating-system patching?
A. Increase monitor size
B. Create user accounts automatically
C. Disable backups
D. Fix known vulnerabilities and reliability defects
Correct Answer: D
Security patches close vulnerabilities that attackers could exploit.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Operating Systems
Which part of the CIA triad focuses on ensuring systems and data remain accessible when needed?
A. Availability
B. Integrity
C. Confidentiality
D. Compression
Correct Answer: A
Availability addresses uptime, resilience, and access to required services.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Operating Systems
Which part of the CIA triad focuses on preventing unauthorized disclosure of information?
A. Accounting
B. Confidentiality
C. Integrity
D. Availability
Correct Answer: B
Confidentiality limits information access to authorized entities.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Operating Systems
Which part of the CIA security triad ensures information is not altered without authorization?
A. Availability
B. Authentication
C. Integrity
D. Confidentiality
Correct Answer: C
Integrity protects data from unauthorized or accidental modification.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Operating Systems
Which security principle gives users only the permissions required to perform their tasks?
A. Open access
B. Round Robin
C. Demand paging
D. Principle of least privilege
Correct Answer: D
Least privilege reduces damage from mistakes or compromised accounts.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Operating Systems
Which redirection operator appends output to a file rather than overwriting it?
A. >>
B. >
C. <
D. |
Correct Answer: A
Double greater-than appends standard output to the end of a file.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Operating Systems
Which shell operator sends the standard output of one command as standard input to another?
A. Semicolon only (;)
B. Pipe (|)
C. Greater-than only (>)
D. Ampersand only (&)
Correct Answer: B
The pipe operator connects the output stream of one command to the input of another.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Operating Systems
What does chmod 755 commonly grant?
A. Owner read-only; others no access
B. Owner rw-; group rw-; others rw-
C. Owner rwx; group r-x; others r-x
D. Everyone full rwx
Correct Answer: C
755 means 7 (rwx) for owner and 5 (r-x) for group and others.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Operating Systems
Which numeric permission corresponds to rwx for a user when using octal notation?
A. 6
B. 5
C. 4
D. 7
Correct Answer: D
Read=4, write=2, execute=1; together rwx equals 7.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Operating Systems
In Unix/Linux permissions, what does 'rwx' mean?
A. Read, write, execute
B. Run, wait, exit
C. Read, watch, extract
D. Root, work, execute
Correct Answer: A
The three basic permission bits are read (r), write (w), and execute (x).
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Operating Systems
Which command changes the owner of a file in Unix/Linux?
A. du
B. chown
C. chmod
D. pwd
Correct Answer: B
chown changes file ownership, subject to appropriate privileges.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Operating Systems
Which command changes file permissions in Unix/Linux?
A. grep
B. df
C. chmod
D. chown
Correct Answer: C
chmod modifies permission bits such as read, write, and execute.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Operating Systems
Which command sends a signal to a Unix/Linux process, commonly to request termination?
A. touch
B. find
C. ln
D. kill
Correct Answer: D
kill sends a signal to a process identified by PID.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Operating Systems
Which interactive command commonly displays real-time process and CPU/memory activity on Linux?
A. top
B. cat
C. echo
D. mkdir
Correct Answer: A
top provides a live updating view of system processes and resource usage.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Operating Systems
Which command displays running processes in Unix/Linux?
A. pwd
B. ps
C. ls
D. cp
Correct Answer: B
ps reports information about active processes.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Operating Systems
Which command displays the identity of the current effective user?
A. hostname only
B. whereis
C. whoami
D. uname
Correct Answer: C
whoami prints the effective username.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Operating Systems
Which command creates an empty file or updates an existing file's timestamps?
A. rm
B. rmdir
C. ps
D. touch
Correct Answer: D
touch is commonly used to create an empty file or update timestamps.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Operating Systems
Which command displays the manual page for another command?
A. man
B. pwd
C. mv
D. df
Correct Answer: A
man opens documentation pages for commands and system interfaces.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Operating Systems
Which command searches text for lines matching a pattern?
A. kill
B. grep
C. chmod
D. mount
Correct Answer: B
grep searches input for text or regular-expression patterns.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Operating Systems
Which command shows the last lines of a text file and is useful for monitoring logs?
A. touch
B. uname
C. tail
D. head
Correct Answer: C
tail displays the end of a file; tail -f can follow appended log data.