CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Database Basics
A computer that provides database services to other computers is called a:
A. Database server
B. Print server only
C. Keyboard controller
D. Web page
Correct Answer: A
A database server runs database software and responds to requests from client applications.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Database Basics
ETL stands for:
A. Extract, Transform, Load
B. Enter, Test, Link
C. Encrypt, Transfer, Lock
D. Edit, Type, List
Correct Answer: A
ETL extracts data from sources, transforms it into a useful format, and loads it into a destination.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Database Basics
A smaller subject-focused part of a data warehouse is called a:
A. Data mart
B. Data type
C. Foreign key
D. Transaction log
Correct Answer: A
A data mart contains data for a particular department or business subject.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Database Basics
A large integrated collection of historical data for analysis is called a:
A. Data warehouse
B. Transaction form
C. Primary key
D. Temporary query
Correct Answer: A
A data warehouse combines historical data from multiple sources for reporting and analysis.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Database Basics
A system designed for complex analysis and reporting is called:
A. OLAP
B. OLTP
C. DML
D. TCL
Correct Answer: A
Online Analytical Processing supports multidimensional analysis, summaries, and decision-making.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Database Basics
A system designed for frequent day-to-day transactions is called:
A. OLTP
B. OLAP
C. ERD
D. DDL
Correct Answer: A
Online Transaction Processing systems handle routine operations such as orders, payments, and registrations.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Database Basics
Copying database data to another server for availability or performance is called:
A. Replication
B. Normalization
C. Deletion
D. Compilation
Correct Answer: A
Replication maintains copies of database data on multiple systems.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Database Basics
A record of who accessed or changed data is called an:
A. Audit trail
B. Foreign key
C. Data type
D. View alias
Correct Answer: A
An audit trail records important user and system activities for accountability and investigation.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Database Basics
Which file records database changes and supports recovery?
A. Transaction log
B. Image file
C. Style sheet
D. Audio track
Correct Answer: A
A transaction log records changes and helps the DBMS recover committed or incomplete transactions.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Database Basics
Who is mainly responsible for database security, performance, backup, and availability?
A. Database Administrator
B. Graphic Designer
C. Network Cable Installer only
D. Data Entry Operator only
Correct Answer: A
A Database Administrator, or DBA, manages operation, security, performance, backup, and recovery.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Database Basics
Using a backup to return data to a previous state is called:
A. Restore
B. Normalize
C. Join
D. Grant
Correct Answer: A
A restore operation loads backed-up data into the database system.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Database Basics
A differential backup stores changes since:
A. The most recent full backup
B. The most recent incremental backup only
C. The last user login
D. The last SELECT query
Correct Answer: A
A differential backup accumulates all changes made since the last full backup.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Database Basics
An incremental backup stores changes since:
A. The most recent backup of any type
B. The database was first created only
C. The most recent full backup only
D. The last SELECT query
Correct Answer: A
An incremental backup stores changes made since the latest preceding backup.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Database Basics
A full backup contains:
A. All selected database data
B. Only changes since the last backup
C. Only table names
D. Only deleted records
Correct Answer: A
A full backup copies all selected data and provides a complete restore base.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Database Basics
Which is one of the best defenses against SQL injection?
A. Parameterized queries
B. Building SQL by joining raw user input
C. Giving every user administrator rights
D. Disabling all backups
Correct Answer: A
Parameterized queries keep user values separate from SQL instructions and greatly reduce injection risk.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Database Basics
A malicious technique that inserts harmful SQL through user input is called:
A. SQL injection
B. Data normalization
C. Index creation
D. Query sorting
Correct Answer: A
SQL injection exploits unsafe input handling to alter or execute database commands.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Database Basics
Converting readable data into an unreadable protected form is called:
A. Encryption
B. Normalization
C. Sorting
D. Aggregation
Correct Answer: A
Encryption protects data by converting it into ciphertext that requires a key to read.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Database Basics
The principle of least privilege means users should receive:
A. Only the permissions necessary for their work
B. Every administrator permission
C. No password
D. Permission to delete all backups
Correct Answer: A
Least privilege reduces risk by granting only the minimum access needed.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Database Basics
A named collection of database permissions is called a:
A. Role
B. Row
C. Index
D. Schema instance
Correct Answer: A
A role groups permissions so they can be assigned to users more easily.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Basic Computing
Database Basics
The process of deciding what an authenticated user may do is called:
A. Authorization
B. Authentication
C. Recovery
D. Indexing
Correct Answer: A
Authorization determines the permissions granted to a verified user.