CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Energy Crisis
For Energy Crisis, which option correctly gives the "imported fuel risk"?
A. Governance reform, loss reduction, efficient tariffs and diversified generation
B. Planned interruption of electricity supply due to shortage or system constraints
C. They expose the economy to global prices and foreign-exchange shortages
D. Accumulated payment shortfalls across the energy supply chain
Correct Answer: C
Imported fuel risk: They expose the economy to global prices and foreign-exchange shortages. Imported-fuel dependence can worsen current-account and fiscal pressures.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Energy Crisis
For Energy Crisis, which option correctly gives the "hydropower"?
A. Energy not consumed through efficiency
B. Hydropower
C. Electricity lost or unbilled while moving through the grid
D. Planned interruption of electricity supply due to shortage or system constraints
Correct Answer: B
Hydropower: Hydropower. Hydropower is a significant low-carbon source in Pakistan.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Energy Crisis
For Energy Crisis, which option correctly gives the "generation mix"?
A. Hydropower
B. Natural gas
C. Solar energy
D. Governance reform, loss reduction, efficient tariffs and diversified generation
Correct Answer: B
Generation mix: Natural gas. Gas-fired generation has long been a major part of the power mix, alongside oil, coal and newer renewables.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Energy Crisis
For Energy Crisis, which option correctly gives the "load shedding"?
A. Planned interruption of electricity supply due to shortage or system constraints
B. Natural-gas shortage
C. Accumulated payment shortfalls across the energy supply chain
D. They expose the economy to global prices and foreign-exchange shortages
Correct Answer: A
Load shedding: Planned interruption of electricity supply due to shortage or system constraints. Load shedding is used when available supply cannot meet demand or network limits.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Energy Crisis
For Energy Crisis, which option correctly gives the "circular debt"?
A. Accumulated payment shortfalls across the energy supply chain
B. Planned interruption of electricity supply due to shortage or system constraints
C. Electricity lost or unbilled while moving through the grid
D. Energy not consumed through efficiency
Correct Answer: A
Circular debt: Accumulated payment shortfalls across the energy supply chain. Unpaid bills, losses, subsidies and tariff gaps create cascading liabilities among power-sector entities.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Energy Crisis
What broad policy mix is needed to address the energy crisis?
A. Deliver electricity to end users and collect bills
B. Payments for available generation capacity even when not fully dispatched
C. Governance reform, loss reduction, efficient tariffs and diversified generation
D. They expose the economy to global prices and foreign-exchange shortages
Correct Answer: C
No single project can solve structural financial and supply problems.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Energy Crisis
Which domestic resource constraint affects industry and power generation in winter?
A. Electricity lost or unbilled while moving through the grid
B. Deliver electricity to end users and collect bills
C. Payments for available generation capacity even when not fully dispatched
D. Natural-gas shortage
Correct Answer: D
Declining domestic gas and seasonal demand create supply constraints.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Energy Crisis
What are capacity payments in power contracts?
A. Hydropower
B. They expose the economy to global prices and foreign-exchange shortages
C. Payments for available generation capacity even when not fully dispatched
D. Planned interruption of electricity supply due to shortage or system constraints
Correct Answer: C
Capacity obligations can create fiscal pressure when demand or dispatch is lower than contracted capacity.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Energy Crisis
What is the cheapest unit of energy often said to be?
A. Hydropower
B. Governance reform, loss reduction, efficient tariffs and diversified generation
C. Planned interruption of electricity supply due to shortage or system constraints
D. Energy not consumed through efficiency
Correct Answer: D
Efficiency reduces demand, fuel imports and investment needs.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Energy Crisis
Which province contains the Gharo-Jhimpir wind corridor?
A. China
B. Punjab
C. New Gwadar International Airport
D. Sindh
Correct Answer: D
The corridor near Thatta/Jamshoro hosts major wind-power projects.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Energy Crisis
Which renewable source has strong potential across most of Pakistan due to high insolation?
A. Accumulated payment shortfalls across the energy supply chain
B. Hydropower
C. Payments for available generation capacity even when not fully dispatched
D. Solar energy
Correct Answer: D
Pakistan receives abundant sunshine suitable for distributed and utility-scale solar.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Energy Crisis
Which organization develops major public hydropower and water projects?
A. WAPDA
B. Trade Development Authority of Pakistan
C. NEPRA
D. Federal Board of Revenue
Correct Answer: A
WAPDA is a major public-sector developer of water and hydropower infrastructure.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Energy Crisis
Which regulator sets or determines tariffs and regulates the power sector?
A. WAPDA
B. NEPRA
C. Federal Board of Revenue
D. SMEDA
Correct Answer: B
The National Electric Power Regulatory Authority regulates electricity generation, transmission and distribution.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Energy Crisis
What do power distribution companies mainly do?
A. Solar energy
B. Deliver electricity to end users and collect bills
C. Hydropower
D. Governance reform, loss reduction, efficient tariffs and diversified generation
Correct Answer: B
DISCO performance is central to reducing losses and circular debt.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Energy Crisis
What are transmission and distribution losses?
A. Natural gas
B. Electricity lost or unbilled while moving through the grid
C. Energy not consumed through efficiency
D. Planned interruption of electricity supply due to shortage or system constraints
Correct Answer: B
Technical losses and theft reduce recoveries and system efficiency.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Energy Crisis
Why do imported oil, LNG and coal create energy-security risk?
A. Hydropower
B. They expose the economy to global prices and foreign-exchange shortages
C. Energy not consumed through efficiency
D. Planned interruption of electricity supply due to shortage or system constraints
Correct Answer: B
Imported-fuel dependence can worsen current-account and fiscal pressures.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Energy Crisis
Which renewable source contributes major seasonal electricity from dams and rivers?
A. Deliver electricity to end users and collect bills
B. Hydropower
C. Accumulated payment shortfalls across the energy supply chain
D. Planned interruption of electricity supply due to shortage or system constraints
Correct Answer: B
Hydropower is a significant low-carbon source in Pakistan.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Energy Crisis
Which fuel has historically been important in Pakistan's thermal power generation?
A. Governance reform, loss reduction, efficient tariffs and diversified generation
B. Natural gas
C. They expose the economy to global prices and foreign-exchange shortages
D. Deliver electricity to end users and collect bills
Correct Answer: B
Gas-fired generation has long been a major part of the power mix, alongside oil, coal and newer renewables.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Energy Crisis
What is load shedding?
A. Accumulated payment shortfalls across the energy supply chain
B. Payments for available generation capacity even when not fully dispatched
C. Planned interruption of electricity supply due to shortage or system constraints
D. Solar energy
Correct Answer: C
Load shedding is used when available supply cannot meet demand or network limits.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Pakistan Affairs (P.A)
Energy Crisis
What does 'circular debt' refer to in Pakistan's power sector?
A. Electricity lost or unbilled while moving through the grid
B. Accumulated payment shortfalls across the energy supply chain
C. Natural gas
D. Hydropower
Correct Answer: B
Unpaid bills, losses, subsidies and tariff gaps create cascading liabilities among power-sector entities.