CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Organic Chemistry - Plastics
PVC stands for what?
A. Polyvinyl carbonyl
B. Polyvinyl chloride
C. Primary vinyl carbonate
D. Polyvolatile carbon
Correct Answer: B
PVC is polyvinyl chloride.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Organic Chemistry - Plastics
What is a thermosetting plastic?
A. A gas at room temperature
B. A plastic that always dissolves in water
C. A plastic made only from sugar
D. A plastic that forms a heavily cross-linked structure and does not readily remelt after setting
Correct Answer: D
Thermosets cure into cross-linked networks that resist remelting.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Organic Chemistry - Plastics
What is a thermoplastic?
A. A plastic that can generally be softened by heating and reshaped
B. A metal coated with glass
C. A naturally occurring mineral only
D. A plastic that can never soften
Correct Answer: A
Thermoplastics soften on heating because their polymer chains are not permanently cross-linked into a rigid network.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Organic Chemistry - Plastics
Most common plastics are made from large molecules called what?
A. Noble gases
B. Monomers only as final products
C. Ions only
D. Polymers
Correct Answer: D
Plastics are largely polymeric materials consisting of long molecular chains.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Organic Chemistry - Hydrocarbons
Which process separates crude oil into fractions based largely on boiling range?
A. Chromatography of solids only
B. Filtration only
C. Electrolysis
D. Fractional distillation
Correct Answer: D
Fractional distillation separates petroleum components according to volatility.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Organic Chemistry - Hydrocarbons
Crude oil is primarily a complex mixture of what?
A. Metal oxides
B. Proteins
C. Hydrocarbons
D. Pure water
Correct Answer: C
Petroleum contains a wide range of hydrocarbon molecules.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Organic Chemistry - Hydrocarbons
What can form during incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons?
A. Only nitrogen
B. Only oxygen
C. Carbon monoxide and/or soot
D. Only water
Correct Answer: C
Insufficient oxygen can produce toxic carbon monoxide and elemental carbon soot.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Organic Chemistry - Hydrocarbons
What is the main product of complete combustion of hydrocarbons besides water?
A. Carbon dioxide
B. Hydrogen gas
C. Carbon monoxide only
D. Nitrogen dioxide only
Correct Answer: A
Complete combustion in sufficient oxygen forms CO2 and H2O.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Organic Chemistry - Hydrocarbons
What is the general formula of acyclic saturated alkanes?
A. CnH2n−2
B. CnH2n+2
C. CnH2n
D. CnHn
Correct Answer: B
Open-chain alkanes follow CnH2n+2.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Organic Chemistry - Hydrocarbons
What is the simplest alkane?
A. Methane
B. Methanol
C. Ethyne
D. Ethene
Correct Answer: A
Methane, CH4, is the simplest alkane.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Organic Chemistry - Hydrocarbons
Which class contains at least one carbon-carbon triple bond?
A. Alkenes
B. Esters
C. Alkanes
D. Alkynes
Correct Answer: D
Alkynes contain one or more C≡C triple bonds.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Organic Chemistry - Hydrocarbons
Which class contains at least one carbon-carbon double bond?
A. Alkenes
B. Ketones
C. Alkynes only
D. Alkanes
Correct Answer: A
Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons with at least one C=C bond.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Organic Chemistry - Hydrocarbons
Which class of hydrocarbons contains only single carbon-carbon bonds?
A. Alkynes
B. Alcohols
C. Alkenes
D. Alkanes
Correct Answer: D
Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons containing only C−C single bonds.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Organic Chemistry - Hydrocarbons
What elements are present in a hydrocarbon?
A. Carbon and oxygen only
B. Carbon and hydrogen only
C. Carbon, hydrogen and sodium
D. Hydrogen and nitrogen only
Correct Answer: B
Hydrocarbons contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Organic Chemistry - Alcohols
Which property helps lower-mass alcohols dissolve in water?
A. Metallic bonding
B. Nuclear attraction
C. Absence of polarity
D. Hydrogen bonding through the hydroxyl group
Correct Answer: D
The polar O−H group can form hydrogen bonds with water.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Organic Chemistry - Alcohols
Which alcohol is a three-carbon triol commonly called glycerol?
A. Methanol
B. Phenol
C. Butanol
D. Glycerol
Correct Answer: D
Glycerol has three hydroxyl groups on a three-carbon chain.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Organic Chemistry - Alcohols
What is formed when a primary alcohol is oxidized mildly?
A. A metal
B. An aldehyde
C. An amine only
D. An alkane only
Correct Answer: B
Primary alcohols can first oxidize to aldehydes and then further to carboxylic acids.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Organic Chemistry - Alcohols
Which process can produce ethanol from sugars using yeast?
A. Electroplating
B. Nuclear fission
C. Sublimation
D. Fermentation
Correct Answer: D
Yeast ferments sugars anaerobically to produce ethanol and carbon dioxide.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Organic Chemistry - Alcohols
What is produced when ethanol undergoes complete combustion in oxygen?
A. Sodium and chlorine
B. Methane and hydrogen only
C. Carbon dioxide and water
D. Nitrogen and sulfur
Correct Answer: C
Complete combustion of an alcohol produces CO2 and H2O.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Organic Chemistry - Alcohols
Why is methanol particularly dangerous if ingested?
A. It contains no carbon
B. It can be metabolized to toxic compounds that may cause blindness or death
C. It is simply table sugar
D. It is harmless in all doses
Correct Answer: B
Methanol metabolism produces formaldehyde and formic acid, which can cause severe toxicity.