CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Black Holes
What is commonly found at the centers of many large galaxies?
A. Only neutron-free stars
B. Supermassive black holes
C. Only gas giants
D. Only comets
Correct Answer: B
Observations indicate supermassive black holes reside in many galactic nuclei.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Black Holes
What is a stellar-mass black hole usually formed from?
A. Freezing of a planet
B. Evaporation of an ocean
C. Collapse of a sufficiently massive star
D. Collision of two comets only
Correct Answer: C
Massive stellar cores can collapse after nuclear fuel is exhausted.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Black Holes
What is the Schwarzschild radius associated with?
A. The wavelength of sound
B. The size of an electron
C. The radius of Earth
D. The event-horizon radius of a non-rotating uncharged black hole
Correct Answer: D
For a non-rotating uncharged black hole, the Schwarzschild radius marks the event horizon.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Black Holes
What is the event horizon of a black hole?
A. The center of every galaxy
B. A visible solid surface
C. The boundary beyond which escape is impossible
D. A ring of planets
Correct Answer: C
The event horizon is a causal boundary, not a material surface.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Black Holes
What is a black hole?
A. A cold dark planet
B. A region of spacetime where gravity is so strong that nothing inside the event horizon can escape
C. A cloud made only of dust
D. A star with no gravity
Correct Answer: B
A black hole's defining feature is an event horizon beyond which escape to the outside is impossible.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Robotics
What is a common industrial use of robots?
A. Producing rainfall
B. Creating chemical elements from nothing
C. Changing Earth's orbit
D. Repetitive assembly, welding or material handling
Correct Answer: D
Industrial robots excel at repeatable, precise and potentially hazardous tasks.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Robotics
Which field is often used for robot path planning and perception?
A. Only accounting
B. Only file compression
C. Only word processing
D. Artificial intelligence
Correct Answer: D
AI and machine learning can support perception, mapping, planning and decision-making.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Robotics
What is a degree of freedom in robotics?
A. A file format
B. An independent direction or mode in which a robot can move
C. A unit of electrical current
D. A type of memory
Correct Answer: B
Degrees of freedom describe independent motion variables such as joint rotations or translations.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Robotics
What is an end effector?
A. The tool or device at the end of a robotic arm that interacts with the environment
B. A network router
C. The robot's operating system
D. The first sensor in a circuit
Correct Answer: A
Grippers, welders and suction cups are end effectors.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Robotics
What is a robotic manipulator?
A. A web browser
B. A battery only
C. A mechanical arm with joints used to position an end effector
D. A fixed table
Correct Answer: C
Industrial robotic arms are manipulators with multiple degrees of freedom.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Robotics
What is an autonomous robot?
A. A device that can never sense its environment
B. A machine with no software
C. A robot that can perform tasks with limited or no continuous human control
D. A manual hand tool
Correct Answer: C
Autonomous robots use sensing, planning and control to operate independently.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Robotics
What is feedback control?
A. Increasing battery size only
B. Running a robot with no sensors
C. Using measured output to adjust a system toward a desired behavior
D. Deleting program code
Correct Answer: C
Closed-loop control compares measured state with a target and corrects errors.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Robotics
What is an actuator?
A. A database record
B. A component that produces physical motion or action
C. A camera image only
D. A passive data file
Correct Answer: B
Motors, hydraulic cylinders and servos are examples of actuators.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Robotics
What is a robot sensor used for?
A. To store all power permanently
B. To perceive information about the robot or its environment
C. To replace actuators
D. To print documents only
Correct Answer: B
Sensors measure quantities such as distance, force, light or orientation.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Robotics
What is robotics?
A. Only database management
B. Only web development
C. A type of chemical reaction
D. The field concerned with designing, building, controlling and using robots
Correct Answer: D
Robotics combines mechanical engineering, electronics, control, sensing and computing.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Search Engines
What is a search engine cache or stored copy?
A. A permanent legal archive of every site
B. A saved representation of previously fetched content used internally or for retrieval processes
C. A network cable
D. A CPU fan
Correct Answer: B
Search systems may store fetched content or representations as part of indexing infrastructure.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Search Engines
Why do search engines use robots.txt?
A. To encrypt web traffic
B. To replace DNS
C. Sites can communicate crawler access preferences for specified paths
D. To store passwords
Correct Answer: C
robots.txt is a crawler-control convention, not an access-control security mechanism.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Search Engines
What is an organic search result?
A. A result stored only offline
B. A hardware diagnostic
C. A non-advertising result ranked by the search engine's relevance systems
D. Any paid advertisement
Correct Answer: C
Organic results are distinct from sponsored placements.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Search Engines
What does SEO stand for?
A. Search Engine Optimization
B. System Engine Output
C. Secure Email Operation
D. Search Encryption Option
Correct Answer: A
SEO is the practice of improving a site's discoverability and usefulness in search results.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - General Science
Search Engines
What is a search snippet?
A. A type of virus
B. A CPU register
C. A cable connector
D. A short preview of a result, often including title, URL and descriptive text
Correct Answer: D
Snippets help users judge whether a result is relevant.