CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Everyday Science
Human Body System
A patient has selective damage to the Parathyroid glands. Which function would be most directly impaired?
A. help regulate calcium concentration in blood
B. coordinates nervous activity, cognition, memory and conscious control
C. is the principal site of digestion and nutrient absorption
D. produce hormones involved in stress responses and salt-water balance
Correct Answer: A
The Parathyroid glands normally help regulate calcium concentration in blood.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Everyday Science
Human Body System
A patient has selective damage to the Thyroid gland. Which function would be most directly impaired?
A. produces thyroid hormones that regulate metabolic rate
B. filter blood and regulate water, electrolytes and acid-base balance
C. absorbs water and electrolytes and forms feces
D. links nervous and endocrine control and helps maintain homeostasis
Correct Answer: A
The Thyroid gland normally produces thyroid hormones that regulate metabolic rate.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Everyday Science
Human Body System
A patient has selective damage to the Pituitary gland. Which function would be most directly impaired?
A. coordinates nervous activity, cognition, memory and conscious control
B. secretes hormones that regulate several other endocrine glands
C. filter blood and regulate water, electrolytes and acid-base balance
D. absorbs water and electrolytes and forms feces
Correct Answer: B
The Pituitary gland normally secretes hormones that regulate several other endocrine glands.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Everyday Science
Human Body System
A patient has selective damage to the Spinal cord. Which function would be most directly impaired?
A. pumps blood through pulmonary and systemic circulations
B. filters blood and participates in immune responses
C. conducts nerve impulses and mediates many reflexes
D. absorbs water and electrolytes and forms feces
Correct Answer: C
The Spinal cord normally conducts nerve impulses and mediates many reflexes.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Everyday Science
Human Body System
A patient has selective damage to the Medulla oblongata. Which function would be most directly impaired?
A. filter blood and regulate water, electrolytes and acid-base balance
B. begins major protein digestion and mechanically mixes food
C. controls vital involuntary functions such as breathing and heart rate
D. coordinates balance, posture and fine muscular movements
Correct Answer: C
The Medulla oblongata normally controls vital involuntary functions such as breathing and heart rate.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Everyday Science
Human Body System
A patient has selective damage to the Cerebellum. Which function would be most directly impaired?
A. coordinates nervous activity, cognition, memory and conscious control
B. links nervous and endocrine control and helps maintain homeostasis
C. forms a protective barrier and helps regulate body temperature
D. coordinates balance, posture and fine muscular movements
Correct Answer: D
The Cerebellum normally coordinates balance, posture and fine muscular movements.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Everyday Science
Human Body System
A patient has selective damage to the Brain. Which function would be most directly impaired?
A. conducts nerve impulses and mediates many reflexes
B. filters blood and participates in immune responses
C. begins major protein digestion and mechanically mixes food
D. coordinates nervous activity, cognition, memory and conscious control
Correct Answer: D
The Brain normally coordinates nervous activity, cognition, memory and conscious control.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Everyday Science
Human Body System
Sweating cools the body mainly because of:
A. Evaporation
B. Freezing
C. Radiation only
D. Condensation
Correct Answer: A
Evaporation removes heat.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Everyday Science
Human Body System
The semicircular canals are especially important for:
A. Vision
B. Taste
C. Hearing speech
D. Balance and rotational movement detection
Correct Answer: D
Semicircular canals detect angular acceleration.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Everyday Science
Human Body System
The cochlea is primarily concerned with:
A. Balance only
B. Taste
C. Hearing
D. Smell
Correct Answer: C
The cochlea contains auditory receptors.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Everyday Science
Human Body System
Color vision is mainly mediated by:
A. Ossicles
B. Rods
C. Cones
D. Cilia
Correct Answer: C
Cones mediate color vision.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Everyday Science
Human Body System
Photoreceptors for dim-light vision are primarily:
A. Rods
B. Cones
C. Ganglion cells
D. Bipolar cells
Correct Answer: A
Rods are highly sensitive in dim light.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Everyday Science
Human Body System
The pupil's size is controlled by the:
A. Iris
B. Lens
C. Cornea
D. Retina
Correct Answer: A
The iris changes pupil diameter.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Everyday Science
Human Body System
The autonomic nervous system mainly regulates:
A. voluntary skeletal muscle only
B. blood formation
C. bone growth
D. involuntary visceral functions
Correct Answer: D
The autonomic system regulates involuntary visceral activity.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Everyday Science
Human Body System
The central nervous system consists of the:
A. brain and cranial nerves
B. spinal cord and peripheral nerves
C. brain and spinal cord
D. brain and endocrine glands
Correct Answer: C
The CNS contains brain and spinal cord.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Everyday Science
Human Body System
The main nitrogenous waste excreted in human urine is:
A. Carbon dioxide
B. Uric acid
C. Urea
D. Ammonia
Correct Answer: C
Humans excrete most nitrogen as urea.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Everyday Science
Human Body System
Urine is formed in kidney functional units called:
A. Nephrons
B. Villi
C. Neurons
D. Alveoli
Correct Answer: A
Nephrons form urine from filtered blood.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Everyday Science
Human Body System
Bile is produced by the:
A. Pancreas
B. Stomach
C. Liver
D. Gallbladder
Correct Answer: C
The liver produces bile.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Everyday Science
Human Body System
Most absorption of digested nutrients occurs in the:
A. Large intestine
B. Esophagus
C. Stomach
D. Small intestine
Correct Answer: D
The small intestine is the main absorptive organ.
CSS - PMS - CCE - PCS - Everyday Science
Human Body System
Gas exchange in the lungs occurs mainly across the walls of the:
A. Alveoli
B. Pleura
C. Trachea
D. Bronchi
Correct Answer: A
Alveoli provide the thin gas-exchange surface.