Free PreviewSample Cardiology questions
These questions are loaded from your existing MCQ database. Continue to the Preparation area for the full interactive set.
Sample MCQ 1A 58-year-old man with stable ischemic heart disease has LDL cholesterol well above target despite maximal tolerated high-intensity statin. What is the usual next lipid-lowering step?
A. Stop statin and use niacin alone
B. Add ezetimibe
C. Add digoxin
D. Add hydrochlorothiazide
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: Option BEzetimibe is commonly added when LDL remains above goal despite maximally tolerated statin therapy, with PCSK9-directed therapy considered thereafter in appropriate high-risk patients.
Which feature favors constrictive pericarditis over cardiac tamponade?
A. Kussmaul sign
B. Pulsus paradoxus
C. Electrical alternans
D. Marked respiratory variation in mitral inflow only
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: Option AA rise or failure of JVP to fall with inspiration, Kussmaul sign, is characteristic of constrictive physiology and is usually absent in classic tamponade.
A patient with acute decompensated heart failure has severe dyspnea, bilateral crackles and peripheral edema but preserved blood pressure. Which initial therapy most directly treats congestion?
A. IV loop diuretic
B. Large IV saline bolus
C. Verapamil
D. Thrombolysis
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: Option AIntravenous loop diuretics are used to rapidly relieve volume overload and congestion in acute decompensated heart failure.
A 60-year-old smoker has calf pain after walking 100 meters that resolves with rest. What bedside test is most useful to support the diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease?
A. Allen test
B. Ankle-brachial index
C. D-dimer
D. Tilt-table test
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: Option BThe ankle-brachial index is a simple noninvasive test for lower-extremity peripheral arterial disease.
A patient taking warfarin for a mechanical mitral valve has an INR of 1.4. Why is a direct oral anticoagulant generally not substituted?
A. DOACs cause universal hepatotoxicity
B. DOACs are not recommended for mechanical prosthetic valves
C. DOACs cannot be taken orally
D. Warfarin has no drug interactions
Show Answer & Explanation
Correct Answer: Option BVitamin K antagonists remain standard anticoagulation for mechanical prosthetic valves; DOACs are not recommended in this setting.